Potential fungicidal effect of plant extracts on in vitro development of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and on anthracnose of mango.
Bolívar K., Sanabria M. E., Rodríguez D., Camacaro M. de, Ulacio D., Cumana L. J., Crescente O.
Author Affiliation: Programa de Fitopatología, Postgrados de Agronomia, Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado, Cabudare, estado Lara, Venezuela.
Revista Cientifica UDO Agricola 9 : 175-181
Abstract : The effect of applying ethanolic extracts (EE) of leaves of Azadirachta indica ('nim'); Phyllanthus niruri ('flor escondida'); Calotropis procera ('algodón de seda'); Lippia origanoides ('orégano silvestre'); Gliricidia sepium ('mata ratón') and Heliotropium indicum ('rabo de alacrán') collected in the state of Lara, Venezuela, on the control of mango anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was evaluated The plant extract was obtained by reduced pressure and the secondary metabolites (MS) were determined. The microorganism was grown on PDA media. The effect of the EE at 2.5% concentration was evaluated following three methods of application. Mango fruits at the adequate ripening stage were treated with the concentration of 2.5% and then inoculated with the fungus. Differences were found in the plants extracts with regard to the MS present. L. origanoides and H. indicum EE, homogenized in the medium caused the highest inhibition of C. gloeosporioides mycelium. The EE of L. origanoides and G. sepium were the best postharvest treatment since they induced 37 and 33% less disease in mango fruits. Results indicate the potential of plant extracts to handle mango anthracnose in postharvest.