Carotenoids. Properties, occurrence, bioavailability, metabolism and health effects.
Westphal A., Böhm V.
Author Affiliation: Institut für Ernährungswissenschaften, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Dornburger Str. 25-29, 07743 Jena, Germany.
Ernährungs Umschau 62 : 196-207
Abstract : As colouring pigments in many fruits and vegetables like tomatoes, carrots, kale, mango or oranges, carotenoids are part of our daily diet. While the secondary plant compounds do not deliver essential nutrients to humans, numerous health-promoting effects are reported. One of the main functions is the provitamin A activity of some carotenoids. Due to their antioxidant potential, carotenoids are connected with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, some kinds of cancer and age-related macular degeneration. Although the data published so far do not allow a recommended intake level, it is suggested to ensure a sufficient supply of carotenoids by eating high amounts of fruits and vegetables.